伊隆·馬斯克、喬·拜登和作為萬能解藥的人工智能 Elon Musk, Joe Biden, and AI as Panacea 2023-07-24

【英文原文鏈接】

The Washington Stand | July 24, 2023

Elon Musk, Joe Biden, and AI as Panacea by Jared Bridges

https://washingtonstand.com/commentary/elon-musk-joe-biden-and-ai-as-panacea

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Elon Musk, Joe Biden, and AI as Panacea

伊隆·馬斯克、喬·拜登和作為萬能解藥的人工智能

by Jared Bridges

July 24, 2023

DeepL輔助英譯中

1 “Artificial intelligence* is going to transform the lives of people around the world.”

「人工智能將改變全世界人的生活。」

*Artificial Intelligence (AI) 人工智能

• artificial Intelligence /ˌɑːrtɪfɪʃl ɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/ n.人工智能
• transform /trænsˈfɔːrm/ v.改變

2 That was the take from President Joe Biden* in a briefing focused on AI and how “the Biden-Harris administration* is encouraging this industry to uphold the highest standards to ensure that innovation doesn’t come at the expense of Americans’ rights and safety.”

這是喬·拜登總統在一次發佈會上對人工智能的看法，以及 “拜登-哈里斯政府如何鼓勵這個行業堅持最高標準，確保這項創新、創造不會以犧牲美國人的權利和安全為代價”。

*President Joe Biden 總統喬·拜登

*Biden-Harris Administration 拜登-哈里斯政府

• briefing /ˈbriːfɪŋ/ n.情況介紹會
• innovation /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/ n.創新
• at the expense of 以…為代價

3 Exactly one week before that briefing, Elon Musk* announced a new venture called xAI, a company whose stated goal is “to understand the true nature of the universe.” A few days later, rumors emerged that Apple is working on its own “Apple GPT” AI chatbot. And the very same week, news broke that Google was testing a new AI that wrote news articles. If you’re one of the few who’ve missed out on this tidal wave of AI news in the past days, have no fear. Vice President Kamala Harris* has summed it upfor you quite succinctly: “AI is kind of a fancy thing. First of all, it’s two letters …”

就在這次發佈會的一周前，伊隆·馬斯克宣佈成立一家名為 xAI 的新企業，該公司的既定目標是 「瞭解宇宙的真正本質」。幾天後，有傳言稱蘋果公司正在開發自己的人工智能聊天機器人 「Apple GPT」。而就在同一周，有消息稱谷歌正在測試一種能撰寫新聞文章的新型人工智能。如果你是少數幾個錯過了過去幾天人工智能新聞熱潮的人，不必擔心。美國副總統卡馬拉·哈里斯簡要總結： “人工智能是個花哨的東西。首先，它是兩個字母……”

*Elon Musk 伊隆·馬斯克

*Vice President Kamala Harris 副總統卡瑪拉·哈里斯

• venture /ˈventʃər/ n.經營項目
• chatbot /ˈtʃætbɑːt/ n.聊天機器人
• tidal wave 熱潮
• sum up 總結
• succinctly /səkˈsɪŋktli/ adv.簡要地

4 All fanciness aside, if you’re struggling to keep up, you’re not alone. This is what it’s like to write about artificial intelligence. The moment your fingers type the words, the news is old. Perhaps this is in part why Google is working to have AI do all the ephemeral dirty work of newswriting. At any rate, it seems artificial intelligence is being pitched as a cure-allpanacea for almost any ailment — even the ailments of the great unknown.

拋開所有花哨的東西不談，如果你正在努力跟上時代的步伐，那你並不孤單。這就是寫人工智能相關新聞的感覺。當你的手指敲下文字的那一刻，新聞就已經過時了。也許這就是為什麼谷歌正致力於讓人工智能來完成新聞寫作中所有短暫的髒活累活的部分原因。無論如何，人工智能似乎被當作包治百病的靈丹妙藥，幾乎可以治療任何疾病–甚至是帶有巨大未知性的疾病。

• fanciness /ˈfænsinɪs/ n.花哨，招搖
• ephemeral /ɪˈfemərəl/ adj.短暫的，轉瞬即逝的
• newswriting /nuːz ˈraɪtɪŋ/n.新聞寫作
• pitch /pɪtʃ/ v.宣傳
• cure-all /ˈkjʊr ɔːl/ n.萬能藥
• panacea /ˌpænəˈsiːə/ n.萬能之計
• ailment /ˈeɪlmənt/ n.病症

5 Musk wants artificial intelligence to tackle the bigger questions of the universe, and like most everyone trumpeting AI, he values safety. Musk thinks, “the safest way to build an AI is actually to make one that is maximally curious and truth seeking.” In a Twitter Spaces event announcing the new xAI company, Musk pondered the question:

馬斯克希望人工智能能夠解決宇宙中更大的問題，和大多數鼓吹人工智能的人一樣，他也非常重視安全性。馬斯克認為，「製造人工智能最安全的方式其實是製造一個有最大限度的好奇性和追求真理的人工智能。」在宣佈成立新的 xAI 公司的 推特空間活動中，馬斯克思考了一個問題：

• tackle /ˈtækl/ v.處理
• trumpet /ˈtrʌmpɪt/ v.鼓吹，推廣
• maximally /ˈmæksɪmli/ adv.最大程度地
• ponder /ˈpɑːndər/ v.思考

6 “So does one ever actually get fully to the truth? It’s not clear, but one should always aspire to that and try to minimize the error between what you know — what you think is true — and what is actually true. That’s my sort of theory behind the maximally curious, maximally truthful as being probably the safest approach. I think to a superintelligence humanity is much more interesting than not humanity.”

「那麼，一個人是否真的能完全接近真理呢？這並不清楚，但一個人應該始終渴望這一點，並努力將你所知道的——你認為是真實的——與實際真實之間的誤差降到最低。這就是我提出的 “最大限度地好奇性、最大限度地真實性 “的理論，它可能是最安全的方法。”我認為，對超級智能來說，人性比非人性更有趣。」

• minimize /ˈmɪnɪmaɪz/ v.減小到最低
• superintelligence /ˌsuːpərɪnˈtelɪdʒəns/ n.超級智能
• humanity /hjuːˈmænəti/ n.人類

7 Interesting as we humans may be, it’s “not humanity” on display here, and for xAI, there’s much work for the not humanity to do. Musk said, “there’s a lot of unresolved questions that are very, extremely fundamental.” During his launch event, he mentioned dark matter and the existence (or nonexistence) of extraterrestrial life as two of these fundamental questions. He also acknowledged that people can still think more efficiently than machines:

雖然我們人類可能很有趣，但這裡展示的是 “非人類”，對於 xAI 來說，非人類還有很多工作要做。馬斯克說：”有很多懸而未決的問題，都是非常根本性的問題”。在發佈會上，他提到暗物質和外星生命的存在（或不存在）是其中兩個基本問題。他還承認，人仍然可以比機器更有效地思考：

• on display 展出
• unresolved /ˌʌnrɪˈzɑːlvd/ adj.未解決的
• fundamental /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/ adj.根本的
• dark matter /ˌdɑːrk ˈmætər/ n.暗物質
• extraterrestrial /ˌekstrətəˈrestriəl/ adj.外星生物的

8 “I think about … neural network networks today. It’s currently the case that if you have ten megawatts of GPUs*, [AI] cannot currently write a better novel than a good human. And good humans using roughly 10 watts of higher order brain power. So not counting the basic stuff to, you know, operate your body. So then we’ve got six order of magnitude difference. […] even with six orders of magnitude, you still cannot beat a smart human writing a novel.”

「我想到了今天的……神經網絡。目前的情況是，如果你有 10 兆瓦的 GPU（中央處理器），[人工智能]目前寫不出比優秀的人類更好的小說。而優秀的人類使用的高階腦力大約為 10 瓦。這還不包含基本的如操作你的身體這樣的事。所以我們有六個數量級的差距。[……]即使有六個數量級的差距，你仍然無法打敗聰明的人類所寫小說。」

*Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) 圖形處理器

• megawatt /ˈmeɡəwɑːt/ n.兆瓦
• magnitude /ˈmæɡnɪtuːd/ n.體積

9 For Musk, this is not simply a moment of pausing to ponder the magnificence of the human brain. It’s a problem for xAI to solve. From this perspective, it’s easy to see the concern over safety. Will we build AI that will take our jobs, our usefulness, and perhaps our lives? Will we, with our own intelligence, render ourselves irrelevant?

對於馬斯克來說，這不僅僅是停下來思考人類大腦的偉大之處。這是 xAI 要解決的問題。從這個角度來看，我們不難看出對安全性的擔憂。我們製造的人工智能會奪走我們的工作、我們的用處，甚至我們的生命嗎？我們自己的智慧會不會讓自己變得無關緊要？

• magnificence /mæɡˈnɪfɪsns/ n.偉大
• perspective /pərˈspektɪv/ n.視角，觀點
• irrelevant /ɪˈreləvənt/ adj.無關緊要的

10 To be clear, I do believe we should exercise extreme caution with AI. However, call me crazy — or unintelligent, but I still hold out hope for humanity, depraved as we are. In the book of Exodus*, Moses* spent a span of time on the mountain receiving instruction from Yahweh* about the covenant, including specific ways in which to keep it. Toward the end of the discourse, when it’s become abundantly clear that Moses will need assistance in executing the covenantal details, the Lord offers him assistance:

予以說明的是，我確實認為我們應該對人工智能格外謹慎。不過，你可以說我是發瘋了，也可以說我不聰明，但我仍然對墮落的人類抱有希望。在《出埃及記》（聖經第二卷書）中，摩西在山上花了很長時間接受耶和華關於盟約的指示，包括遵守盟約的具體方法。在講道的最後，當摩西非常清楚地知道在執行盟約的細節時會需要幫助，耶和華向他提供了幫助：

*Exodus 出埃及記（聖經第二卷書）

*Moses 摩西（聖經前五部書的作者）

*Yahweh 耶和華（指上帝）

• unintelligent /ˌʌnɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/ adj.愚蠢的
• depraved /dɪˈpreɪvd/ adj.敗壞的
• discourse /ˈdɪskɔːrs/ n.講道
• assistance /əˈsɪstəns/ n.輔助

11 “See, I have called by name Bezalel the son of Uri, son of Hur, of the tribe of Judah, and I have filled him with the Spirit of God*, with ability and intelligence, with knowledge and all craftsmanship, to devise artistic designs, to work in gold, silver, and bronze, in cutting stones for setting, and in carving wood, to work in every craft” (Exodus 31:2–5, ESV).

「看啊，在猶大支派中我已經親自選出戶珥的孫子、烏利的兒子比撒列，用我的靈充滿他，使他有聰明智慧，精於各種技能和手藝，懂得用金、銀和銅製造各式各樣精巧的器具，又能雕刻和鑲嵌寶石，精通木工和各種手藝。」(出埃及記 31:2-5 當代譯本)

*Spirit of God 上帝的靈

• craftsmanship /ˈkræftsmənʃɪp/ n.工藝技術

12 When the Lord wanted help building a tabernacle* for his people to explore the mysteries of his covenant, he didn’t create an AI assistant, but a person, filled with the Spirit of God, with ability and intelligence to facilitate his work. Even for God, it seems, humanity is much more interesting than not humanity.

當上帝希望幫助祂的子民建造一座會幕，以探索他的盟約的奧秘時，祂並沒有創造一個人工智能的助手，而是創造了一個被上帝的靈充滿、有能力和智慧的人，以方便做上帝的工。看來，即使對上帝來說，人性也比沒有人性有趣得多。

*tabernacle 會幕；會幕是上帝吩咐摩西造的帳幕聖所，是以色列人敬拜上帝、與上帝相會的地方

• tabernacle /ˈtæbərnækl/ n.會幕

13 And it is to this humanity that God has already revealed great mystery. Consider Paul’s letter to the Ephesians: “To me, though I am the very least of all the saints, this grace was given, to preach to the Gentiles the unsearchable riches of Christ, and to bring to light for everyone what is the plan of the mystery hidden for ages in God, who created all things, so that through the church the manifold wisdom of God might now be made known to the rulers and authorities in the heavenly places. This was according to the eternal purpose that he has realized in Christ Jesus our Lord…” (Ephesians 3:8–11, ESV).

上帝已經向人類揭示了偉大的奧秘。請看使徒保羅寫給以弗所人的信： 「我本來比最卑微的聖徒還卑微，卻蒙上帝賜我這恩典，讓我把基督那測不透的豐富傳給外族人，讓全人類都明白世代隱藏在創造萬物的上帝裡面的奧祕，目的是為了透過教會讓天上的執政者和掌權者現在可以看出上帝豐富的智慧。這是上帝萬世以前在我們主基督耶穌裡定好的計劃。

(以弗所書 3:8-11 當代譯本)」

• manifold /ˈmænɪfəʊld/ adj.多的，多種的

14 Will artificial intelligence transform the lives of people around the world, as Biden suggested? It’s likely it will have great effect. But when we begin looking to artificial intelligence to solve the mysteries of the universe, we’re looking in the wrong direction. In the end, I suspect we’ll find artificial intelligence to be a poor panacea. It won’t solve what we want it to solve, and it will likely raise only more questions.

人工智能是否會像拜登所說的那樣改變全世界人民的生活？它很可能會產生巨大的影響。但是，當我們開始指望人工智能來解開宇宙的奧秘時，我們就找錯了方向。最終，我懷疑我們會發現人工智能只是一劑拙劣的靈丹妙藥。它解決不了我們想要它解決的問題，而且很可能只會提出更多的問題。

15 There is no solving of a mystery with a distinctly spiritual aspect by an intelligence that has no spirit. When it comes to probing the depths of universal mysteries, even for what is found by AI, we’ll be left to simple old humanity to read the receipts. And the receipts may indeed be interesting. But when it comes to mysteries, reading God’s revelation beats machine receipt reading every time.

没有精神的、靈的智能无法解开具有明显精神层面的谜团。在探索宇宙奥秘的深层时，即使是人工智能发现的东西，我们也只能靠简单的旧人类来阅读收据。收据可能确实很有趣。但说到奥秘，阅读上帝的启示永远胜过机器阅读收据。

• probe /prəʊb/ v.探究
• receipt /rɪˈsiːt/ n.收據，證據